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| Jeffersonian architecture ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Jeffersonian architecture
Jeffersonian Architecture is an American form of Neo-Classicism or Neo-Palladianism embodied in American president and polymath Thomas Jefferson's designs for his home (Monticello), his retreat (Poplar Forest), his school (University of Virginia), and his designs for the homes of friends and political allies (notably Barboursville). Over a dozen private homes bearing his personal stamp still stand today. Jefferson's style was popular in the early American period at about the same time that the more mainstream Greek Revival architecture was also coming into vogue (1790s–1830s) with his assistance.
==Sources and inspiration==
In colonial Virginia during the 18th century there were no schools of architecture, so Jefferson learned the trade on his own from various books and by studying some of the various classical architectural designs of the day. As a self-taught architect and classicist, he was most heavily influenced by the Italian revivalist architect Andrea Palladio (1508–1580). His "bible" was Andrea Palladio's ''The Four Books of Architecture'', which taught him the basic principles of classical design.〔Brodie, 1974, pp.87-88〕〔Berstein, 2003, p. 9〕 Jeffersonian architecture is therefore perhaps best described as "Palladian" in inspiration.〔
Jefferson was also influenced by architect James Gibbs (1682–1754), and by French Neo-classical buildings, such as the Hôtel de Salm in Paris, when he served as Ambassador to France. While the Jeffersonian style incorporates Palladian proportions and themes, it is at the same time unique to Jefferson's own personal sensibility and the materials available to him in early republican Virginia.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Thomas Jefferson Foundation )〕
Throughout his adult life Jefferson made many architectural drawings and wrote extensively about architectural design. Today there are over 600 pages of architectural documents by Jefferson now housed at the Massachusetts Historical Society and are commonly referred to as the Coolidge Collection.〔Jefferson Architectural Drawings, Massachusetts Historical Society〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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